{"id":707,"date":"2026-11-01T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tornelle.com\/?post_type=tornelle_blog&#038;p=707"},"modified":"2026-09-21T23:24:20","modified_gmt":"2026-09-21T20:24:20","slug":"deep-hole-drilling-and-thin-walled-parts-challenges","status":"publish","type":"tornelle_blog","link":"https:\/\/www.tornelle.com\/en\/blog\/derin-delik-delme-ve-ince-cidarli-parcalarda-zorluklar\/","title":{"rendered":"Derin Delik Delme ve \u0130nce Cidarl\u0131 Par\u00e7alarda Zorluklar: Y\u00f6ntemler ve Tasar\u0131m \u00d6nerileri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bir hidrolik blokta 400 mm boyunda \u00d88 mm delik, bir sens\u00f6r muhafazas\u0131nda 0,5 mm cidar, bir enjekt\u00f6r g\u00f6vdesinde L\/D 30 olan ya\u011f kanal\u0131: bu \u00f6zellikler par\u00e7an\u0131n geri kalan\u0131n\u0131n maliyetini g\u00f6lgede b\u0131rak\u0131r. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tornelle.com\/en\/blog\/dfm-design-for-manufacturability-cut-cnc-costs\/\">DFM yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n<\/a> teknik derinle\u015ftirmesi olan bu yaz\u0131, derin delik ve ince cidar zorluklar\u0131n\u0131 hem tedarik\u00e7i hem tasar\u0131mc\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fcyle ele al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<h2>B\u00f6l\u00fcm 1: Derin Delik Delme<\/h2>\n<h3>Ne zaman &#8220;derin&#8221; say\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h3>\n<p>Genel kabul: L\/D (delik boyu \/ \u00e7ap) 5&#8217;e kadar standart matkap, 5\u201310 aras\u0131 uzun matkap ve kademeli delme, 10\u201340 aras\u0131 gundrill (tek dudakl\u0131 matkap) veya y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 so\u011futmal\u0131 \u00f6zel matkap, 40 \u00fcst\u00fc BTA\/ejekt\u00f6r sistemleri veya \u00f6zel tezg\u00e2h. \u00c7ap k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fck\u00e7e zorluk artar: \u00d83 mm&#8217;de L\/D 20, \u00d820 mm&#8217;de L\/D 20&#8217;den \u00e7ok daha zordur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc matkap rijitli\u011fi \u00e7ap\u0131n d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kuvvetiyle d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n<h3>Sorunlar<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sapma (runout\/drift):<\/strong> Matkap ilerledik\u00e7e eksenden kayar; 300 mm&#8217;de 0,3\u20131 mm sapma standart matkapla ola\u011fand\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131dan delme birle\u015fme noktas\u0131nda kademe yarat\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tala\u015f t\u0131kanmas\u0131:<\/strong> Tala\u015f d\u0131\u015far\u0131 at\u0131lamaz, matkap s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; paslanmaz ve al\u00fcminyumda uzun tala\u015f sorunu b\u00fcy\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Is\u0131:<\/strong> So\u011futma s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 delik dibine ula\u015fmaz; tak\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fc k\u0131sal\u0131r, delik \u00e7ap\u0131 geni\u015fler.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y\u00fczey ve \u00e7ap kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Delik boyunca \u00e7ap de\u011fi\u015fir; H7 tolerans derin delikte raybalama veya honlama olmadan tutulmaz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Y\u00f6ntemler<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Y\u00f6ntem<\/th>\n<th>L\/D aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/th>\n<th>\u00c7ap<\/th>\n<th>D\u00fczl\u00fck \/ sapma<\/th>\n<th>Not<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Karb\u00fcr matkap, i\u00e7 so\u011futmal\u0131<\/td>\n<td>\u2264 8\u201312<\/td>\n<td>\u00d83\u201320<\/td>\n<td>0,1\u20130,3 mm \/ 100 mm<\/td>\n<td>CNC tornada standart; pilot delik + kademeli ilerleme (peck)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Uzun karb\u00fcr matkap (30xD)<\/td>\n<td>\u2264 30<\/td>\n<td>\u00d82\u201312<\/td>\n<td>0,2\u20130,5 mm \/ 100 mm<\/td>\n<td>Y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 so\u011futma (70+ bar) gerekir; pilot delik \u015fart<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gundrill (tek dudakl\u0131)<\/td>\n<td>10\u2013100+<\/td>\n<td>\u00d81\u201340<\/td>\n<td>0,02\u20130,05 mm \/ 100 mm<\/td>\n<td>En d\u00fcz derin delik; \u00f6zel tezg\u00e2h veya CNC tornada 100+ bar so\u011futma; y\u00fczey Ra 0,8\u20131,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>BTA \/ ejekt\u00f6r<\/td>\n<td>10\u2013100<\/td>\n<td>\u00d820\u2013300<\/td>\n<td>0,05\u20130,1 mm \/ 100 mm<\/td>\n<td>B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7ap, a\u011f\u0131r sanayi; \u00f6zel tezg\u00e2h<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kar\u015f\u0131dan delme<\/td>\n<td>Her \u00e7ap<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>Birle\u015fmede kademe riski<\/td>\n<td>Yaln\u0131zca kanal i\u015flevinde; hassas delikte ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Delme + rayba \/ honlama<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>\u2014<\/td>\n<td>H7 ve Ra 0,4 i\u00e7in<\/td>\n<td>Hidrolik silindir, valf g\u00f6vdesi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Kayar otomatta derin delik<\/h3>\n<p>Kayar otomat, derin delik i\u00e7in do\u011fal avantaj sunar: par\u00e7a k\u0131lavuz bur\u00e7ta desteklidir, d\u00f6nen par\u00e7aya sabit matkapla delme (par\u00e7an\u0131n d\u00f6nmesi matkab\u0131n merkezlenmesine yard\u0131m eder) ve y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 so\u011futma standartt\u0131r. \u00d82\u201312 mm \u00e7apta L\/D 20\u201330 delikler kayar otomatta rutin i\u015flenir; enjekt\u00f6r, valf pimi ve t\u0131bbi kan\u00fcl uygulamalar\u0131 buna dayan\u0131r. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tornelle.com\/en\/blog\/mass-production-with-sliding-automatic-machines-why-turkey-cost-and-capacity-for-small-precision-parts\/\">Kayar otomat yaz\u0131m\u0131zda<\/a> ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar bulunur.<\/p>\n<h3>Tasar\u0131m \u00f6nerileri<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Deli\u011fin ger\u00e7ekten tam boy gerekli oldu\u011funu sorgulay\u0131n; kademeli \u00e7ap (giri\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck, dip k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck) L\/D&#8217;yi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li>Derin delik tolerans\u0131n\u0131 fonksiyona g\u00f6re verin: kanal ise H12 yeterlidir, H7 istemeyin.<\/li>\n<li>D\u00fczl\u00fck\/sapma tolerans\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 belirtin (\u00f6rne\u011fin &#8220;eksen sapmas\u0131 maks. 0,2 mm&#8221;); belirtilmezse tedarik\u00e7i varsay\u0131m yapar.<\/li>\n<li>Kesi\u015fen kanallarda kesi\u015fme noktas\u0131 \u00e7apak ve kenar standard\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlay\u0131n; derin kanal kesi\u015fimlerinde \u00e7apak alma zordur.<\/li>\n<li>Delik dibinde d\u00fcz taban istemekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n; matkap ucu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 (118\u2013140\u00b0) kabul edilsin.<\/li>\n<li>Malzemeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn: k\u00fck\u00fcrtl\u00fc paslanmaz (1.4305), otomat \u00e7eli\u011fi ve pirin\u00e7 derin delikte kolay; 316L ve titanyum zor.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>B\u00f6l\u00fcm 2: \u0130nce Cidarl\u0131 Par\u00e7alar<\/h2>\n<h3>Ne zaman &#8220;ince&#8221; say\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h3>\n<p>Cidar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7apa oran\u0131 (t\/D) %5&#8217;in alt\u0131na inince veya mutlak kal\u0131nl\u0131k 1 mm&#8217;nin alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce par\u00e7a ince cidarl\u0131 kabul edilir; al\u00fcminyumda 0,8 mm, \u00e7elikte 0,5 mm, pirin\u00e7te 0,4 mm cidar zorla\u015fma e\u015fi\u011fidir. Uzun ve ince kovanlar (L\/D > 3) ayr\u0131ca burkulma ve titre\u015fim riski ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Sorunlar<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ba\u011flama deformasyonu:<\/strong> Ayna \u00e7eneleri par\u00e7ay\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7gen\/oval yapar; ba\u011flama sonras\u0131 i\u015flenen yuvarlak delik, ba\u011flama a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ovalle\u015fir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Titre\u015fim (chatter):<\/strong> \u0130nce cidar zil gibi titrer; y\u00fczey bozulur, tolerans ka\u00e7ar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Is\u0131l genle\u015fme:<\/strong> K\u00fctle az, \u0131s\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 yay\u0131l\u0131r; i\u015fleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda par\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fcr, so\u011fuyunca k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Art\u0131k gerilim:<\/strong> Haddelenmi\u015f \u00e7ubuktan \u00e7ok malzeme kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u00e7 gerilimler par\u00e7ay\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm:<\/strong> \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm kuvveti par\u00e7ay\u0131 deforme eder; kumpas ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen ince kovan ger\u00e7ek \u00e7ap\u0131 g\u00f6stermez.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Yakla\u015f\u0131m<\/th>\n<th>Uygulama<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Yumu\u015fak \u00e7ene (soft jaw), tam temasl\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Par\u00e7a \u00e7ap\u0131na g\u00f6re i\u015flenmi\u015f \u00e7eneler; temas alan\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcr, nokta y\u00fck\u00fc azal\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Geni\u015fleyen mandrel \/ i\u00e7 ba\u011flama<\/td>\n<td>Kovan i\u00e7eriden desteklenir, d\u0131\u015f y\u00fczey serbest i\u015flenir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ba\u011flama kuvveti, kademeli i\u015fleme<\/td>\n<td>Kaba i\u015fleme y\u00fcksek kuvvet, ince i\u015fleme d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kuvvetle ayr\u0131 ba\u011flama<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kayar otomatta k\u0131lavuz bur\u00e7 deste\u011fi<\/td>\n<td>Par\u00e7a malzeme \u00e7ubu\u011fundayken i\u015flenir, son ad\u0131m kesme; deformasyon minimum<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dolgu destek (d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck erime noktal\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131m, mum, dondurma)<\/td>\n<td>\u0130\u00e7 bo\u015fluk doldurulur, i\u015fleme sonras\u0131 eritilir; \u00e7ok ince cidarlarda<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Vakum \/ yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma fikst\u00fcr\u00fc<\/td>\n<td>D\u00fcz ince plakalar ve flan\u015flar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Keskin tak\u0131m, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck paso, y\u00fcksek h\u0131z<\/td>\n<td>Kesme kuvveti d\u00fc\u015fer; pozitif geometri, parlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tak\u0131m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gerilim giderme ara tav\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Kaba i\u015fleme \u2192 tav \u2192 ince i\u015fleme; al\u00fcminyum ve paslanmazda<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Temass\u0131z \/ d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kuvvetli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm<\/td>\n<td>Optik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm, hava mastar\u0131, CMM d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kuvvet<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Tasar\u0131m \u00f6nerileri<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Cidar\u0131 fonksiyonun izin verdi\u011fi en kal\u0131n de\u011ferde tutun; 0,5 mm yerine 0,8 mm maliyeti yar\u0131ya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilir.<\/li>\n<li>Ba\u011flama i\u00e7in kal\u0131n bir b\u00f6lge (flan\u015f, boyun) b\u0131rak\u0131n; i\u015fleme sonras\u0131 kesilebilir.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130nce cidarda yuvarlakl\u0131k ve silindiriklik tolerans\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i verin (0,02\u20130,05 mm); 0,005 mm istenirse ta\u015flama ve \u00f6zel fikst\u00fcr gerekir.<\/li>\n<li>Malzeme se\u00e7imi: pirin\u00e7 ve 6082 ince cidarda \u00e7elikten daha kararl\u0131d\u0131r; 316L art\u0131k gerilim nedeniyle \u00e7arp\u0131lmaya a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Tasar\u0131mda simetri koruyun; asimetrik cep ve delikler \u00e7arp\u0131lmay\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemini belirtin: &#8220;temass\u0131z optik&#8221; veya &#8220;3 noktal\u0131 i\u00e7 \u00e7ap mikrometresi, kuvvet X N&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Maliyet Etkisi<\/h2>\n<p>Yakla\u015f\u0131k kural: L\/D 5&#8217;ten 15&#8217;e \u00e7\u0131kan delik, delik maliyetini 3\u20135 kat art\u0131r\u0131r; L\/D 30 gundrill gerektirirse 6\u201310 kat. Cidar 1,5 mm&#8217;den 0,6 mm&#8217;ye inen kovan, i\u015fleme s\u00fcresini ve hurda oran\u0131n\u0131 2\u20133 kat art\u0131r\u0131r. Bu art\u0131\u015flar par\u00e7a fiyat\u0131na do\u011frudan yans\u0131r; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tornelle.com\/en\/blog\/tolerance-selection-is-0-01-mm-really-necessary\/\">tolerans yaz\u0131m\u0131zda<\/a> genel \u00e7er\u00e7eve, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tornelle.com\/en\/blog\/surface-roughness-ra-rz-cnc-manufacturing\/\">y\u00fczey p\u00fcr\u00fczl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yaz\u0131m\u0131zda<\/a> derin delik ve ince cidar y\u00fczeylerine ili\u015fkin beklentiler anlat\u0131l\u0131r. Tedarik\u00e7iden teklif al\u0131rken bu \u00f6zelliklerin fiyattaki pay\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 sormak, tasar\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin getirisini g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<h2>S\u0131k Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<h3>\u00d86 mm, 180 mm derin delik (L\/D 30) yap\u0131labilir mi?<\/h3>\n<p>Evet; kayar otomatta veya CNC tornada y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 so\u011futmal\u0131 uzun matkap ya da gundrill ile. Sapma tolerans\u0131 belirtilmelidir.<\/p>\n<h3>0,3 mm cidarl\u0131 paslanmaz kovan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc?<\/h3>\n<p>K\u0131sa boylarda ve kayar otomatta evet; uzun boylarda deformasyon ve titre\u015fim riski y\u00fcksektir, tasar\u0131m g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irilmeli.<\/p>\n<h3>Derin delikte H7 tolerans tutulur mu?<\/h3>\n<p>Delme sonras\u0131 raybalama veya honlama ile evet; yaln\u0131zca delme ile hay\u0131r. Maliyet buna g\u00f6re artar.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0130nce cidarl\u0131 par\u00e7a \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcnde neye dikkat edilir?<\/h3>\n<p>\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm kuvveti ve s\u0131cakl\u0131k; temass\u0131z veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kuvvetli y\u00f6ntem, 20 \u00b0C&#8217;de bekletme ve serbest durumda \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm gerekir.<\/p>\n<h2>Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n<p>Derin delik ve ince cidar, do\u011fru y\u00f6ntem ve ba\u011flama stratejisiyle g\u00fcvenilir \u00fcretilebilir; ancak en b\u00fcy\u00fck kazan\u00e7 tasar\u0131m a\u015famas\u0131ndad\u0131r: gereksiz derinlik, gereksiz incelik ve gereksiz tolerans kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda maliyet yar\u0131ya inebilir. Bu \u00f6zellikleri i\u00e7eren par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in STEP ve resimleri <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tornelle.com\/en\/#teklif-formu\">teklif formumuz<\/a> \u00fczerinden g\u00f6nderin; teklifle birlikte maliyeti d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrecek tasar\u0131m \u00f6nerilerini de iletiyoruz.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uzunlu\u011fu \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131n 5 kat\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan delikler ve cidar kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1 mm&#8217;nin alt\u0131na inen par\u00e7alar, CNC i\u015flemede maliyeti ve riski katlayan iki klasik zorluktur. Derin delikte matkap sapmas\u0131, tala\u015f t\u0131kanmas\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131; ince cidarda ba\u011flama deformasyonu, titre\u015fim ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc karars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem tedarik\u00e7iyi hem tasar\u0131mc\u0131y\u0131 ilgilendirir. Bu yaz\u0131 iki konuyu birlikte ele al\u0131yor: derin delik i\u00e7in y\u00f6ntemler (uzun matkap, gundrill, BTA, tek dudakl\u0131 matkap, kayar otomatta y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 so\u011futma), sapma ve d\u00fczl\u00fck toleranslar\u0131, ince cidar i\u00e7in ba\u011flama stratejileri (yumu\u015fak \u00e7ene, mandrel, dondurma ve yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma), i\u015fleme s\u0131ras\u0131 ve gerilim y\u00f6netimi, malzeme davran\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm zorluklar\u0131 ve maliyeti d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren tasar\u0131m de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1225,"template":"","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"derin delik delme ince cidarl\u0131 par\u00e7alar","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Derin Delik Delme ve \u0130nce Cidarl\u0131 Par\u00e7alarda Zorluklar","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Derin delik delme (L\/D > 5) ve ince cidarl\u0131 CNC par\u00e7alarda sapma, titre\u015fim, deformasyon ve tala\u015f sorunlar\u0131; gundrill, ba\u011flama ve tasar\u0131m \u00f6nerileri.","_tornelle_badge":"Teknik","_tornelle_src_lang":"tr","_tornelle_en_cover":"1225","_tornelle_de_cover":"1224"},"tornelle_blog_cat":[23],"class_list":["post-707","tornelle_blog","type-tornelle_blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tornelle_blog_cat-surec-ve-teknik"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Derin Delik Delme ve \u0130nce Cidarl\u0131 Par\u00e7alarda Zorluklar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Derin delik delme (L\/D &gt; 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